An evaluation of polio supplemental immunization activities in Kano, Katsina, and Zamfara States, Nigeria: lessons in progress.

BACKGROUND As 1 of 3 remaining poliovirus-endemic countries, Nigeria has become key to the global polio eradication effort. We evaluated supplemental immunization activities, including team performance, communications/mobilization activities, and vaccine acceptance, in 3 high-risk states. METHODS We used structured survey and observation instruments, document review, and stakeholder interviews. RESULTS Observations or surveys were conducted at 1697 households. Vaccine acceptance ranged from 87%-94%; among households rejecting polio vaccine, 38% of mothers sought measles vaccine for their children. Teams performed between 4%-42% of assigned tasks. CONCLUSIONS Acceptance is high but teams have a critical role in surmounting residual vaccine resistance.